Legislation guide
A guide to the official text of the Turkish enforcement, obligations, criminal, notification and administrative statutes. Articles are not copied here. No result is written.
Terms stay in the legal dictionary.
Statutes
- Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law No. 2004
The Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law No. 2004 is the statute on pursuit of a claim through enforcement, attachment, sale and bankruptcy. A complaint, an objection and a garnishment notice are seen in its practice. The current article text is on the official page. It is not copied here.
- Turkish Code of Obligations No. 6098
The Turkish Code of Obligations No. 6098 governs obligations and compensation arising from tort. In a health dispute, tort, bodily harm, non-pecuniary compensation and the period are looked for in the relevant articles. The current wording is in the official text.
- Code of Civil Procedure No. 6100
The Code of Civil Procedure No. 6100 is the procedure statute for a case in the civil courts. The claim, the preliminary examination, the evidence stage, the judgment and the appeal are rings this code governs. A stage name on the screen does not stand in for the judgment.
- Turkish Criminal Code No. 5237
The Turkish Criminal Code No. 5237 sets which acts count as offences and the frame of the penalty. Fraud and its aggravated form are looked for in the relevant provisions. This guide does not carry the wording and does not say that an act is an offence.
- Criminal Procedure Code No. 5271
The Criminal Procedure Code No. 5271 governs how a suspicion of an offence is followed through investigation and trial. The investigation number, the indictment and a decision of non-prosecution are separate papers of this procedure. Deferral of the announcement of the verdict has its own article. The current result is not repeated here.
- Notification Law No. 7201
The Notification Law No. 7201 governs how a court or enforcement paper is notified to the addressee. A notice sent out, a return, and an electronic notice are not the same record. A period is not started on this page before the service stamp is read.
- Consumer Protection Law No. 6502
The Consumer Protection Law No. 6502 sets the frame of defect, withdrawal and the dispute route in a consumer transaction. Not every contract falls under this law. A dispute between merchants does not become a consumer transaction by itself.
- Administrative Procedure Law No. 2577
The Administrative Procedure Law No. 2577 governs annulment of an administrative act and the procedure of a full-remedy action. A harm alleged from a public hospital is not written on the same petition as a contract case against a private hospital. The period is read from the official text and from service. This page sets no day.
- Personal Data Protection Law No. 6698
The Personal Data Protection Law No. 6698 sets a frame for processing personal data and for the requests of the person concerned. Health data can be personal data. This page does not open a patient file and does not treat a breach as established.
- The Patient Rights Regulation
The Patient Rights Regulation sets the frame of information and records for a person who uses a health service. The regulation is not a court decision. Which hospital falls under which procedure is read from the institution in the file.
Verified article guides
- Article 49 of the Turkish Code of Obligations
Article 49 of the Turkish Code of Obligations concerns making good the harm one person causes another by a culpable and unlawful act. The article does not treat every poor outcome as fault. In a health file, a complication and fault do not melt into this article’s sentence. The current text is on the official page.
- Article 54 of the Turkish Code of Obligations
Article 54 of the Turkish Code of Obligations names heads of bodily harm with the word especially. Treatment costs, loss of earnings and a reduction of working capacity are among those heads. The list is not a closed tariff. A concrete head is not built on this page without an invoice and a report.
- Article 56 of the Turkish Code of Obligations
Article 56 of the Turkish Code of Obligations concerns a claim for non-pecuniary compensation by a person whose bodily integrity was harmed. The judge looks at the features of the event. The article does not set one sum. This page does not produce a figure either.
- Article 72 of the Turkish Code of Obligations
Article 72 of the Turkish Code of Obligations is the rule that, for a tort claim, ties the period to the date the injured person learns of the harm and of the person liable. The length is in the official text. This page writes no year or day and does not calculate the period.
- Article 16 and a complaint against an enforcement-office act
Article 16 of the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law governs a complaint to the enforcement court against acts of the enforcement and bankruptcy offices, apart from matters the statute leaves to a court. A complaint is not an objection to a payment order. The period and the date of knowledge are read from the official text and the paper. This page writes no day.
- Article 67 and the action to annul an objection
Article 67 of the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law governs a creditor, whose request for pursuit was objected to, suing to annul the objection by proving the claim in court. That action is not the lifting of an objection in the enforcement court. The period is in the official text. This page does not copy it.
- Article 68 and lifting an objection on documents
Article 68 of the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law governs the creditor asking to lift the objection when the objected pursuit rests on an acknowledgment of debt whose signature is admitted or which a notary has certified, or on an official document issued in due form by a competent authority. The annulment action in the general court is not this article. The full list of documents is in the official text.
- Article 72 and the negative-declaration action
Article 72 of the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law governs the debtor suing, before or during an enforcement pursuit, for a negative declaration to prove they are not indebted. Restitution is the taking back of money already paid, and it is not this action. The security rate in the official text is not brought here.
- Article 89 and attachment of a right held by a third person
Article 89 of the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law governs the enforcement officer telling a person, when a claim that is not payable to bearer and does not rest on an endorsable note, or a movable of the debtor held by a third person, is attached, that the person can now pay the debt only to the enforcement office. That notice is the garnishment notice. The invitation to review the attachment minutes is another article.
- Article 96 and a claim of ownership over goods in the debtor’s hands
Article 96 of the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law governs the preparation of a claim of ownership when the debtor shows goods in their hands as someone else’s property or pledge, or when a third person claims ownership of those goods. Sending the file to the enforcement court upon an objection is the subject of the next article. This page does not write the result of that later step.
- Article 103 and the invitation to review the minutes
Article 103 of the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law governs inviting an absent party, when the creditor, the debtor or a person authorized to receive service for them is not present while the minutes are drawn, to review the minutes at the enforcement office and to say what they have to say. That invitation is not the garnishment notice that goes to a third person. The period of the invitation is in the official text and is not copied here.
- Article 157 and obtaining a benefit by deceitful conduct
Article 157 of the Turkish Criminal Code concerns a person who misleads someone by deceitful conduct and obtains a benefit for themselves or another, to that person’s or another’s harm. The heading of the article is not the aggravated form. The aggravated form is the next article. The frame of the penalty is in the official text and is not copied into this guide.
- Article 158 and the aggravated form of fraud
Article 158 of the Turkish Criminal Code governs, as an aggravated form, the offence of fraud when it is committed in ways the official text lists, such as misuse of religious belief, taking advantage of a dangerous situation, or taking advantage of weakened perception. The whole list is not repeated in this paragraph. The basic form is in article 157. The frame of the penalty is not copied.
- Article 170 and the drafting of an indictment
Article 170 of the Criminal Procedure Code gives the task of opening the public case to the public prosecutor. If, at the end of the investigation, the evidence that was gathered creates sufficient suspicion that the offence was committed, the prosecutor drafts an indictment. What is written inside the indictment is in the official text. Its being served is a separate record.
- Article 172 and a decision that there is no room for prosecution
Article 172 of the Criminal Procedure Code governs the public prosecutor deciding, at the end of the investigation, that there is no room for prosecution when evidence sufficient to open a public case was not obtained or prosecution is not possible. The decision is notified to the person harmed by the offence and to the suspect who was previously heard. The period and the authority of an objection are mentioned in this article’s sentence on objection. The length is not written on this page.
- Article 173 and an objection to a non-prosecution decision
Article 173 of the Criminal Procedure Code governs the person harmed by the offence objecting, within the period in the official text counted from service of the decision that there is no room for prosecution, to the criminal judge of peace at the place of the heavy criminal court in the circuit of the prosecutor who gave the decision. The period is not turned into a number in this sentence. The service date is read from the paper.
- Article 231, the operative part and deferral of the announcement
Article 231 of the Criminal Procedure Code begins with the rule on reading the operative part of the judgment at the end of the hearing and telling a defendant who is present about the appeal route. A later paragraph of the same article speaks of deferral of the announcement of the verdict as the established judgment producing no legal result for the defendant, apart from confiscation. The list of conditions and the penalty threshold are in the official text. This page does not write the threshold or the result.
- Article 13 and an application to the administration before suing on an administrative act
Article 13 of the Administrative Procedure Law governs persons whose rights were harmed by administrative acts asking the administration, before an administrative case is opened, to fulfil their rights. The official text ties this application to the date of knowledge and also to the date of the act. The lengths are not brought here. A full-remedy route at a public hospital is not an automatic copy of this article.